The Azerbaijani Ministry of Foreign Affairs indicated that diplomatic relations between Kigali and Baku were established in 2004.
In September 2023, both countries signed a Memorandum of Understanding on political consultations and a visa exemption agreement for service and diplomatic passports. They held their first political consultations in 2025, thereby strengthening their bilateral relations in trade, investment, science, education, and humanitarian aid.
Commercially, trade volumes remain relatively low and show a slowdown. According to data from the Observatory of Economic Complexity (OEC), Rwandan exports to Azerbaijan decreased by 39.6% between 2017 and 2023. Concurrently, Azerbaijani exports to Rwanda fell by 0.9% between 2017 and 2022.
Exchanged products include trunks and suitcases, rubber products, and oilseeds.
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