The visit, which took place in Kigali in late August 2025, represents a significant step forward in regional integration efforts, highlighting a shared commitment to peace, development, and intra-African investment. At the core of the agreements were two major instruments : a renewed Status of Forces Agreement (SOFA) and a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) between the two countries’ investment promotion agencies.

Strengthening Regional Security

The Status of Forces Agreement, signed between Rwanda and Mozambique, formalises continued defence cooperation, particularly in relation to the conflict in Cabo Delgado. Rwandan troops have played a pivotal role in stabilising the northern Mozambican province since 2021, where insurgent violence had displaced thousands and jeopardised key infrastructure and energy investments.

By renewing this agreement, both nations reaffirm their partnership in counter-terrorism and peacekeeping operations. The SOFA also sets a structured legal framework for the presence of Rwandan forces in Mozambique, reinforcing transparency and mutual accountability.

Boosting Trade and Investment

Equally notable was the MoU signed between Rwanda Development Board (RDB) and Mozambique’s Investment and Export Promotion Agency (APIEX). This deal is designed to foster trade facilitation, encourage cross-border investment, and streamline regulatory cooperation. It aligns with both countries’ ambitions under the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA), offering a gateway for business communities to access expanded markets in East and Southern Africa.

President Chapo described Mozambique as “Rwanda’s strategic gateway to Southern Africa”, emphasising the potential for partnerships in agriculture, logistics, tourism, energy, and agro-processing. He also championed the idea of direct air links between Maputo and Kigali to accelerate business travel and connectivity.

Toward a New Model of African Cooperation

The deepening of ties between Rwanda and Mozambique reflects a broader trend of African nations leveraging bilateral frameworks to address shared challenges—from security threats to trade barriers. With this latest diplomatic milestone, both countries are setting an example of integrated, African-led collaboration rooted in mutual interest and long-term development vision.

By aligning security frameworks with economic strategy, the partnership sends a clear message : African solutions to African problems are not only possible—they are already underway.